THE FOUR FORCES 2
File: The Four Forces 2
Irvin Nielsen 1/20/2009
(Obama Inaugurated today).
Three forces are recognized by physicists. A fourth force is suggested here. In the Big Bang, the gravity force existed in the first coalesced matter, followed by the strong force which was imbued in matter’s quarks and leptons. The strong force emerged when attracted quarks and leptons were incredibly close together. The strong force gathered protons and neutrons and held then tightly in groups called nuclei which then attracted electrons to form energetically balanced groups of atoms. The electroweak forces built the atoms and molecules by adding electron shells to nuclei, and joining atoms with other atoms to make molecules. Most matter is or was hydrogen and helium in the early universe.
This theory suggests that the living cell is the next unit of matter made after atoms and molecules and only in hydroscopic environments. The physics of electrical charge controlled the architecture of atoms and molecules but something else controlled the building of cells. “Another possibility is that the life has encoding that has nothing to do with DNA. That would be more important for biology than finding other life with DNA, because it would be a way to encode life that no one has dreamt of before.” Neil deGrasse Tyson, director Hayden Planetarium, made this statement in an interview on the origin of life. An unknown precursor of encoding the architecture of a living cell may have preceded DNA or started the first form of a cell.
Each basic unit of matter is the realm of the force that determined its architecture.
1. Universe = Gravity Force
2. Nuclei = Strong Force
3. Atoms = Electroweak Force
4. Cell = Life Force
Man can certainly study the life force and discover how to measure its characteristics as he has measured the other forces. Since or if life is a force, it is present wherever conditions are right for it to exist. Life may be found wherever water and basic elements are found.
Sometime after the Big Bang, matter cooled and coalesced. It formed vast clouds of hydrogen which then formed stars and galaxies. The stars formed other elements during their life and death. They formed molecules, the molecules solidified into rocks or solids, liquids and gases. Discs of hydrogen and other Big Bang debris formed stars, with comets, planets, and moons. Where and when conditions were right, the life force emerged and arranged living entities out of available molecules. Conditions for life as we know it are in the extremely limited range of temperature that accommodates liquid water. The strong force and the electroweak force have a wider temperature range but are only evident when particles are extremely close together. Gravity has no such limits of distance and it attracts small pieces of matter to help form nuclei and attracts cosmic masses of matter to build stars, galaxies, black holes, etc.
Like gravity, the life force is not fully understood but both are readily apparent as a property of matter. The strong force made the atomic bomb possible and the electroweak force causes atoms and molecules to interact in the science of chemistry. All of the forces made or make bigger products out of smaller parts. The life force builds cells out of molecules, and somehow causes the cells to begin an independent life. Life force is the only force that uses strategies or specially adapted advantages to hunt, gather, grow, reproduce, and survive. At least some life has intelligence which is difficult to explain from a particle physics point of view. That view must be altered to accept life as a force. All actions of life in matter change the direction and momentum of matter and are a force by definition. Life is like the other forces in that it builds larger and more complex assemblages of matter out of smaller parts, but is unlike the other forces because it uses strategies to build the cell and then operate it.
None of the basic units of force: nuclei, atoms or cells, can exist without the presence of the force that made it. Masses of matter held together by any of the four forces would disintegrate without that force being present. Causing a force to leave its realm, increases in difficulty as the realm size decreases. The energy released is proportional to that difficulty.
Without knowing how or why, life has been able to assemble a living cell from molecules in the environment. Life force was imbued with the formula for construction of the cell just as the strong force is imbued with the formula for making the many nuclei or the electroweak is imbued with the formula for adding electrons to the nuclei, to make several hundred isotopes of 92 elements. Once made, the formula for the cell was and is copied and stored in the DNA of each cell or group of cells. Forces are believed to be transmitted by a force carrier; a graviton for gravity, gluon for the strong force and photon for the electroweak force. The life force might be carried by a bioton, but no one has found a bioton or a graviton.
File: The Four Forces 2
Irvin Nielsen 1/20/2009
(Obama Inaugurated today).
Three forces are recognized by physicists. A fourth force is suggested here. In the Big Bang, the gravity force existed in the first coalesced matter, followed by the strong force which was imbued in matter’s quarks and leptons. The strong force emerged when attracted quarks and leptons were incredibly close together. The strong force gathered protons and neutrons and held then tightly in groups called nuclei which then attracted electrons to form energetically balanced groups of atoms. The electroweak forces built the atoms and molecules by adding electron shells to nuclei, and joining atoms with other atoms to make molecules. Most matter is or was hydrogen and helium in the early universe.
This theory suggests that the living cell is the next unit of matter made after atoms and molecules and only in hydroscopic environments. The physics of electrical charge controlled the architecture of atoms and molecules but something else controlled the building of cells. “Another possibility is that the life has encoding that has nothing to do with DNA. That would be more important for biology than finding other life with DNA, because it would be a way to encode life that no one has dreamt of before.” Neil deGrasse Tyson, director Hayden Planetarium, made this statement in an interview on the origin of life. An unknown precursor of encoding the architecture of a living cell may have preceded DNA or started the first form of a cell.
Each basic unit of matter is the realm of the force that determined its architecture.
1. Universe = Gravity Force
2. Nuclei = Strong Force
3. Atoms = Electroweak Force
4. Cell = Life Force
Man can certainly study the life force and discover how to measure its characteristics as he has measured the other forces. Since or if life is a force, it is present wherever conditions are right for it to exist. Life may be found wherever water and basic elements are found.
Sometime after the Big Bang, matter cooled and coalesced. It formed vast clouds of hydrogen which then formed stars and galaxies. The stars formed other elements during their life and death. They formed molecules, the molecules solidified into rocks or solids, liquids and gases. Discs of hydrogen and other Big Bang debris formed stars, with comets, planets, and moons. Where and when conditions were right, the life force emerged and arranged living entities out of available molecules. Conditions for life as we know it are in the extremely limited range of temperature that accommodates liquid water. The strong force and the electroweak force have a wider temperature range but are only evident when particles are extremely close together. Gravity has no such limits of distance and it attracts small pieces of matter to help form nuclei and attracts cosmic masses of matter to build stars, galaxies, black holes, etc.
Like gravity, the life force is not fully understood but both are readily apparent as a property of matter. The strong force made the atomic bomb possible and the electroweak force causes atoms and molecules to interact in the science of chemistry. All of the forces made or make bigger products out of smaller parts. The life force builds cells out of molecules, and somehow causes the cells to begin an independent life. Life force is the only force that uses strategies or specially adapted advantages to hunt, gather, grow, reproduce, and survive. At least some life has intelligence which is difficult to explain from a particle physics point of view. That view must be altered to accept life as a force. All actions of life in matter change the direction and momentum of matter and are a force by definition. Life is like the other forces in that it builds larger and more complex assemblages of matter out of smaller parts, but is unlike the other forces because it uses strategies to build the cell and then operate it.
None of the basic units of force: nuclei, atoms or cells, can exist without the presence of the force that made it. Masses of matter held together by any of the four forces would disintegrate without that force being present. Causing a force to leave its realm, increases in difficulty as the realm size decreases. The energy released is proportional to that difficulty.
Without knowing how or why, life has been able to assemble a living cell from molecules in the environment. Life force was imbued with the formula for construction of the cell just as the strong force is imbued with the formula for making the many nuclei or the electroweak is imbued with the formula for adding electrons to the nuclei, to make several hundred isotopes of 92 elements. Once made, the formula for the cell was and is copied and stored in the DNA of each cell or group of cells. Forces are believed to be transmitted by a force carrier; a graviton for gravity, gluon for the strong force and photon for the electroweak force. The life force might be carried by a bioton, but no one has found a bioton or a graviton.
Strong Force
NUCLEUS--Realm of the Strong Force
______________________________________
Atoms and molecules are the realms of the electroweak force. Electrons orbit the nucleus to satisfy the charges of each proton. In the diagram below, eight protons of an oxygen atom have 8 orbiting electrons, two of which are shared by two hydrogen protons in covalent bonding, which forms one molecule of water.
Electroweak Force
Atoms and Molecules--Realm of the Electroweak Force
Electroweak Force
Atoms and Molecules--Realm of the Electroweak Force
Life Force
The Cell or single-celled and the multi-cellular biota are the realms of the life force. A force is that which changes the direction or momentum of matter. All matter that is alive must change the direction or momentum of matter to redirect some matter into its digestive system for nourishment or for other reasons. Without life, that matter would not be moved. Therefore life is a force by definition.
A SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM
A realm of the life force is the smallest living entity, a single-celled organism. Man is an organism with trillions of cells which are all dependent on one another.
A force as used in this paper not only changes direction and momentum of matter, it organizes the accretion of the matter it moves to yield its unique basic unit. The basic unit of life force is the “cell” as diagramed below.
CELL—Realm of the Life Force
Matter with life or the cell or multi-cell, has an innate sense to protect its life, and devises unlimited strategies to preserve its life. The question is: Is life only a variation of the electroweak force or is it something in addition to its use of the electroweak force to complete most of its tasks of staying alive? Matter with life uses any or all of the other forces to accomplish its goals. This theory makes the argument that life is something in addition to the electroweak force. Life has to be passed from one entity to another and that has been true for 3.5 billion years. What is it that is passed from one entity to its progeny? It is not something that happens because of a probability. If probability were the controlling factor, surely life would have been spawned in the full view of some farmer or other and we would be creating life at will by now. And surely there would be fossils with no record of evolution from more primitive types. Life is not merely electrical, or a variation of the strong force, or of gravity. It is its own force and exemplifies itself in countless ways in countless environments where water exists with basic elements. Life has manifested itself in water environments since the earth has cooled. Life occurred when conditions were right, just as nuclei, or atoms or molecules were created when conditions were right.
In summary then:
1. All matter is the domain of gravity, which is a weak attractive force for other matter.
2. The atomic nucleus is the domain of the strong force and quarks and leptons. The nucleus was built by the attractive and repulsive strong force acting on available quarks and leptons formed by the Big Bang.
3. The atom is the domain of the electroweak force with electrons orbiting a nucleus. The atoms form molecules as electric plus or minus charges (electroweak forces) of atoms dictate.
(If a 150 ft. radius sphere represented a hydrogen atom, its nucleus would be the size of a grain of salt at the center. An electron would orbit at a distance of ~150 feet or so.)
4.The next force domain of matter is the single cell organism, or multi-cellular organisms consisting of numerous cells made of a vast number of molecules in structures. The cells are made up of symbiotic electrochemical structures that together result in an
autonomous being that can replicate, metabolize food, expel wastes, and strive to survive by manipulating any or all of the other forces. All of the actions of a living entity change direction or momentum of matter and distinguish matter endowed with the life force from inorganic matter.
Each basic unit of matter is the realm of the force that determined its architecture.
1.Universe = Gravity Force
2.Nuclei = Strong Force
3.Atoms = Electroweak Force
4.Cell = Life Force
Man can certainly study the life force and discover how to measure its characteristics as he has measured the other forces. Since, or if, life is a force, it is present wherever conditions are right for it to exist. Life may be found wherever water and basic elements are found.
Life force is only known to exist in matter in the company of liquid water, in a 100 Centigrade degree temperature range, at standard pressure, and in a universe that ranges from absolute zero to tens of millions of degrees or even billions of degrees Centigrade.
Gravity is present in all matter. The other three known forces ascend a staircase of consecutively larger basic units of matter that cannot exist without the internal presence of the unique forces that created them.
No one really knows: What gravity force is, or what the strong force is, or what the electroweak force is, or what the life force is. We only know we can observe and predict what the effects of the forces are on matter.
All rights reserved
Irvin Nielsen
10/1/2007
Amended 11/7/08
Addendum
The Cell or single-celled and the multi-cellular biota are the realms of the life force. A force is that which changes the direction or momentum of matter. All matter that is alive must change the direction or momentum of matter to redirect some matter into its digestive system for nourishment or for other reasons. Without life, that matter would not be moved. Therefore life is a force by definition.
A SINGLE-CELLED ORGANISM
A realm of the life force is the smallest living entity, a single-celled organism. Man is an organism with trillions of cells which are all dependent on one another.
A force as used in this paper not only changes direction and momentum of matter, it organizes the accretion of the matter it moves to yield its unique basic unit. The basic unit of life force is the “cell” as diagramed below.
CELL—Realm of the Life Force
Matter with life or the cell or multi-cell, has an innate sense to protect its life, and devises unlimited strategies to preserve its life. The question is: Is life only a variation of the electroweak force or is it something in addition to its use of the electroweak force to complete most of its tasks of staying alive? Matter with life uses any or all of the other forces to accomplish its goals. This theory makes the argument that life is something in addition to the electroweak force. Life has to be passed from one entity to another and that has been true for 3.5 billion years. What is it that is passed from one entity to its progeny? It is not something that happens because of a probability. If probability were the controlling factor, surely life would have been spawned in the full view of some farmer or other and we would be creating life at will by now. And surely there would be fossils with no record of evolution from more primitive types. Life is not merely electrical, or a variation of the strong force, or of gravity. It is its own force and exemplifies itself in countless ways in countless environments where water exists with basic elements. Life has manifested itself in water environments since the earth has cooled. Life occurred when conditions were right, just as nuclei, or atoms or molecules were created when conditions were right.
In summary then:
1. All matter is the domain of gravity, which is a weak attractive force for other matter.
2. The atomic nucleus is the domain of the strong force and quarks and leptons. The nucleus was built by the attractive and repulsive strong force acting on available quarks and leptons formed by the Big Bang.
3. The atom is the domain of the electroweak force with electrons orbiting a nucleus. The atoms form molecules as electric plus or minus charges (electroweak forces) of atoms dictate.
(If a 150 ft. radius sphere represented a hydrogen atom, its nucleus would be the size of a grain of salt at the center. An electron would orbit at a distance of ~150 feet or so.)
4.The next force domain of matter is the single cell organism, or multi-cellular organisms consisting of numerous cells made of a vast number of molecules in structures. The cells are made up of symbiotic electrochemical structures that together result in an
autonomous being that can replicate, metabolize food, expel wastes, and strive to survive by manipulating any or all of the other forces. All of the actions of a living entity change direction or momentum of matter and distinguish matter endowed with the life force from inorganic matter.
Each basic unit of matter is the realm of the force that determined its architecture.
1.Universe = Gravity Force
2.Nuclei = Strong Force
3.Atoms = Electroweak Force
4.Cell = Life Force
Man can certainly study the life force and discover how to measure its characteristics as he has measured the other forces. Since, or if, life is a force, it is present wherever conditions are right for it to exist. Life may be found wherever water and basic elements are found.
Life force is only known to exist in matter in the company of liquid water, in a 100 Centigrade degree temperature range, at standard pressure, and in a universe that ranges from absolute zero to tens of millions of degrees or even billions of degrees Centigrade.
Gravity is present in all matter. The other three known forces ascend a staircase of consecutively larger basic units of matter that cannot exist without the internal presence of the unique forces that created them.
No one really knows: What gravity force is, or what the strong force is, or what the electroweak force is, or what the life force is. We only know we can observe and predict what the effects of the forces are on matter.
All rights reserved
Irvin Nielsen
10/1/2007
Amended 11/7/08
Addendum
